You installed gtk3 that is the library pkg but not the -dev pkg that is what configure checks for.
The key packet you're probably missing is
as stated in the Robert's list.
To be sure, look for "gtk" in your config.log. You will find
configure:30681: gcc -o conftest -g -O2 -Wall -W -Wextra -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wendif-labels -Wpointer-arith -Wno-pointer-sign -Warray-bounds -Wformat-security -fwrapv -fno-strict-overflow -fno-delete-null-pointer-checks -Wold-style-definition -Wstrict-prototypes -Wjump-misses-init -Wvla -Waddress -Wattributes -Wdiv-by-zero -Wignored-qualifiers -Wpragmas -Wno-overlength-strings -Wwrite-strings -Wno-long-long -Wc++-compat -Wshadow -Wlogical-op -fexcess-precision=fast -fvisibility=hidden -DQT_SHARED -I/usr/include/qt4 -I/usr/include/qt4/QtCore -DQT_SHARED -I/usr/include/qt4 -I/usr/include/qt4/QtGui -I/usr/include/qt4/QtCore -DQT_GUI_LIB -Wl,--as-needed -L/usr/local/lib conftest.c >&5
conftest.c:36:21: fatal error: gtk/gtk.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
configure:30681: $? = 1
The missing file is gtk/gtk.h. You can which pkg it belongs to with
apt-file search gtk/gtk.h
and you obtain something like
dario@hardcore:~$ apt-file search gtk/gtk.h
libgtk-3-dev: /usr/include/gtk-3.0/gtk/gtk.h
libgtk2.0-dev: /usr/include/gtk-2.0/gtk/gtk.h
dario@hardcore:~$
that points you to the gtk3 pkg you need.
Hope it helps for future dependancies.
Dario.